Who created it
Gavin Wood, Robert Habermeier, Peter Czaban, Web3 Foundation / Parity Technologies
Why it was created
To provide a scalable multichain infrastructure with shared security, on-chain governance, and the transfer of data/assets between different blockchains (parachains), without needing to trust centralised intermediaries.
How it’s used
- Staking (NPoS): help secure the network and earn rewards
- Governance participation: vote on protocol changes and network parameters
- Paying for network operations/fees: execute transactions and actions within the ecosystem
- Supporting parachain slots: provide/bond resources to connect projects to the network
Risks
- High price volatility of DOT
- Treasury spending in 2024 (including large marketing/influencer/event budgets) → accusations of inefficiency and “burning cash”
- Public community conflicts over the allocation of funding/grants; talk of a “toxic” environment
- Regional scandals/disputes over how funds are used (certain initiatives and local “budget extraction”) → reputational damage to the ecosystem
- On the Acala parachain (aUSD, August 2022): a bug/exploit involving erroneous mints and a stablecoin de-peg → loss of trust in the DeFi side of the ecosystem
- Corporate stress: Parity Technologies cutting around 30% of staff (October 2023) → increased FUD about development/support pace
- Governance trust issues: large treasury + OpenGov; recurring disputes over “expensive” and retroactive payouts; suspicions of lobbying and conflicts of interest
- Regulatory noise: claims that DOT is “software, not security” without public confirmation from the SEC → risk of sudden restrictions/delistings in certain jurisdictions
FAQ
- What most often drives distrust around DOT?
- Usually controversial treasury spending, governance conflicts, high-profile incidents on specific parachains, and rare technical disruptions that fuel FUD.
- What are the “Treasury scandals”, and why do they matter to DOT holders?
- The treasury funds the ecosystem. When parts of the community view spending as inefficient (marketing, events, grants), it harms reputation and can weigh on demand and sentiment around DOT.
- Have there been real major incidents in the ecosystem that damaged trust?
- Yes. At various times there have been incidents on certain parachains (for example, issues involving the aUSD stablecoin on Acala), which was perceived as a risk mainly for the DeFi segment.
- Does an incident on a parachain mean “Polkadot is broken”?
- Not necessarily. Parachains are separate networks with their own code and risks. However, reputationally this is often perceived as a risk to the wider ecosystem, especially by newcomers.
- Why is governance (OpenGov) sometimes described as a risk?
- Because decisions are made by vote and outcomes can change the rules of the game: treasury allocation, network parameters, and development priorities. That adds a political/social factor on top of purely technical risks.
- Are there regulatory risks specifically for DOT?
- Yes, because rules for crypto-assets and staking can change by country. That can affect access to exchanges, staking, and services, even if the protocol remains technically stable.