Who created it
Brock Pierce, Reeve Collins, Craig Sellars (the project’s origins were under Realcoin, later rebranded as Tether).
Why it was created
To create a digital token with a stable price, pegged to a fiat currency (primarily USD), in order to simplify settlements, hold “dollar” value, and move liquidity between exchanges and wallets within the crypto ecosystem.
How it’s used
- Base trading currency and liquidity on crypto exchanges
- Fast transfers and settlements in “dollar” equivalent (without bank wires)
- Hedging crypto-asset volatility (temporarily moving into a stablecoin)
- Margin trading/derivatives (collateral and PnL settlement in USDT)
- DeFi (liquidity pools, lending/borrowing, farming) — depends on the network
- Cross-chain movement via exchanges/bridges
- Project treasury and operational payments (where USDT is accepted)
Risks
- Issuer (counterparty) risk: USDT is a liability of Tether, not a bank deposit; if the issuer/banking partners face issues, 1:1 redemption may be delayed or impaired.
- Reserve and transparency risk: reserve reports are not the same as a full audit; the composition/liquidity of reserves and the quality of disclosure may fall short of market expectations.
- De-peg risk: on exchanges, USDT can trade temporarily below/above $1 due to panic, liquidity imbalances, news, or issues affecting specific venues/networks.
- Regulatory risk: rule changes (e.g., EU MiCA) may restrict USDT availability, trigger delistings, or make deposits/withdrawals harder.
- Freeze/block risk: USDT addresses can be frozen by the issuer for compliance reasons (sanctions/law-enforcement requests), making funds temporarily or permanently inaccessible.
- Operational risk and AML flags: “tainted” inflows or erroneous analytics/compliance flags can lead to account or fund restrictions at exchanges/providers even without wrongdoing.
- Liquidity risk in stress scenarios: during crises, spreads widen, withdrawals may slow, and conversion to fiat becomes more expensive and slower.
FAQ
- Question: How does USDT differ from real US dollars in a bank account?
- Answer: Bank dollars are an account balance and rights under a banking agreement; USDT is a blockchain token used within the crypto ecosystem (exchanges, wallets, DeFi) and traded as a digital dollar equivalent.
- Question: Where is USDT used most often?
- Answer: For trading on crypto exchanges, fast user-to-user transfers, temporarily parking cash in a crypto portfolio, settlements between services, and as the quote/base currency for many trading pairs.
- Question: Which networks does USDT exist on, and what should I choose?
- Answer: USDT is issued on multiple networks (e.g., Ethereum, Tron and others). The choice depends on fees, speed, and support by your exchange/wallet; it’s crucial that the network matches exactly for deposits and withdrawals.
- Question: Can you earn interest/yield on USDT?
- Answer: Yes. Some exchanges and services offer yield on USDT, but the terms and mechanics differ (exchange products, lending, DeFi pools). Yield typically depends on demand for borrowed capital and the parameters of the specific product.
- Question: Is USDT suitable for long-term “cash”?
- Answer: USDT is often used for settlement and short-term parking within crypto infrastructure; for long-term “dollar” allocation, investors commonly compare several alternatives (fiat, different stablecoins, money-market products) based on availability and objectives.
- Question: How quickly can you send USDT to someone else?
- Answer: Usually within minutes, but speed depends on the chosen network, fees, network congestion, and whether the recipient uses the correct address and network.
- Question: Why is USDT sometimes slightly above or below $1?
- Answer: Exchange pricing is driven by supply and demand; small deviations can come from fees, liquidity, venue/regional specifics, and market events.